4 ساختار گرامر زبان انگلیسی برای صحبت کردن درباره آینده

Present continuous

“Be” + verb + ing

(Very soon)

مورد اول:    زمان مضارع استمراری، علاوه بر مواردی که به رخ دادنِ یه اتفاق در زمان حال مربوط می‌شه، ساختاری یه که برای آینده‌ی بسیار نزدیک نیز به کار می‌ره، یعنی اتفاقی که ظرف چند روز آینده قرار باشه رخ بده.

Note: Present continuous is about the future that’s going to happen soon. Not a far future. So it’s a very, very soon future, we’re talking about the future that’s going to happen in the next couple of days. Like:

this weekend – tonight – next week

e.g.

“I’m hanging out with my friend, Josh, this weekend.”

“I’m shopping this weekend.”

“I’m studying this weekend.”

“I’m studying tonight.”

“Well, next week… I’m working next week.”

Simple present

Basic form of the verb

(Soon)

مورد دوم:  از ساختار زمان حال ساده برای بیان امور رایج و روتین یا عادت‌های تکرارشونده در زمان حال استفاده می‌شه. نکته‌ی جالب اینه که زمان حال ساده با همین ساختار و با همین کاربرد برای زمان آینده نیز صادقه. منظور از امور روتین یا تکرار شونده، اموری هستند که  از پیش برنامه‌ریزی شده‌ باشن. (scheduled)

Note: We use the simple present when we talk about routine. We can also use the simple present when we’re talking about routines in the future. by routines we mean timetables. We use this when we’re talking about a scheduled event; something that is scheduled to happen in the future like: transportation; trains, airplanes | TV shows | restaurants or stores, opening and closing. In general, a schedule or a timetable.

e.g.

“The last train leaves at 6 p.m. today.”

“The restaurant opens at 5 p.m. today.”

“My TV show, The Big Bang Theory, starts at 4 pm.”

“be going to” + verb

(Soon)

مورد سوم:   این ساختار برای آینده‌ی نسبتاً نزدیک به کار می‌ره، اونجا که ما تا حدِ زیادی مطمئن هستیم و شواهد دالِ بر اینه که اتفاقی حتماً رخ خواهد داد.

Note: So we use this when we’re talking about the near future. It’s soon, but it’s a future where we think something is going to happen, and we have evidence that something is going to happen.

Note: sth that is almost certainly going to happen.

e.g.

“I’m going to study.”

“You are going to watch a video.”

“I’m going to study English next month”

“It’s going to rain all week.”

Will + verb

(Far)

مورد چهارم:  این ساختار در سه مورد به کار می ره؛ آینده‌ی دور، قول انجام کاری دادن برای آینده و در نهایت داوطلب شدن برای انجام یک کار یا کمک کردن.

e.g.

“I will always love you.”

“I will study hard.”

Note: First of all we use it when we are talking about far future.

e.g.   “In 50 years everyone will speak Chinese.”

This is just a prediction, we don’t have that much evidence of this to be so sure about it.

e.g.   “Aliens will invade Earth.”.

Note: We also use will when we are making promise.

e.g.  “I will marry you.”/ “I won’t drink again.”

Note: We also use will for voluntary.

e.g.

“Emma can you wash the dishes? –Sure, I’ll wash them.”

“I’ll get the telephone.”

“I’ll help you with your homework.”